One B-T MPAL showed typical aberrations of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, such as copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity (CNN-LOH) at 9p targeting a 9p21.3 deletion of CDKN2A and 11q12.2-qter affecting the ATM gene.
Impairment in function of GST and MTHFR enzymes found in our patient may have contributed to the development of secondary mixed phenotype acute leukemia, although precise mechanism remains elusive.
Impairment in function of GST and MTHFR enzymes found in our patient may have contributed to the development of secondary mixed phenotype acute leukemia, although precise mechanism remains elusive.
Impairment in function of GST and MTHFR enzymes found in our patient may have contributed to the development of secondary mixed phenotype acute leukemia, although precise mechanism remains elusive.
Immunoglobulin (Ig) and T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements, correlating with myeloid-lymphoid immunophenotype in AMLL, support the hypothesis of lineage infidelity of early progenitor cells, rather than the aberrant antigen expression.
IL-6R was expressed in all patients with AML and AMLL, whereas only half of ALL patients expressed low levels of IL-6R as compared with those with AML and AMLL.
However, gp130 was ubiquitously expressed in all the leukemia patients, and there was no significant difference in gp130 expression among AML, ALL, and AMLL.
However, gp130 was ubiquitously expressed in all the leukemia patients, and there was no significant difference in gp130 expression among AML, ALL, and AMLL.
However, gp130 was ubiquitously expressed in all the leukemia patients, and there was no significant difference in gp130 expression among AML, ALL, and AMLL.
Hematologic malignancies associated with FGFR1 abnormalities present in heterogeneous forms, including myeloproliferative neoplasm, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), T- or B-lineage lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, and even mixed phenotype acute leukemia.
From a clinical practice standpoint, this case illustrates the importance of detection of MLL rearrangement due to its prognostic implication and the effectiveness of flow cytometry immunophenotyping in diagnosing MPAL and monitoring minimal residual disease.
Clear correlation was observed between the relative levels of WT1 gene expression (< 0.6 v > or = 0.6) and the prognosis for acute leukemia (AML, ALL, and AMLL).
Although the specificity of CD117 in this study is not as high as CD14 and CD64, markers concomitantly used in this this study and in the WHO classification, based on the results of other researches (i.e. the specificity of CD117 for AML was 100% in one study) and due to the fact that its specificity for AML in this study is relatively high, we recommend the use CD117 in assigning a myeloid lineage in MPAL.
Although the specificity of CD117 in this study is not as high as CD14 and CD64, markers concomitantly used in this this study and in the WHO classification, based on the results of other researches (i.e. the specificity of CD117 for AML was 100% in one study) and due to the fact that its specificity for AML in this study is relatively high, we recommend the use CD117 in assigning a myeloid lineage in MPAL.
Although rare, CALM/AF10 is a chromosomal rearrangement found in immature T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), acute myeloid leukemia, and mixed phenotype acute leukemia of T/myeloid lineages with poor prognosis.
Although most AMLL cases with lymphoid morphology had Ig and TCR gene rearrangements associated with a variety of immunophenotypes and karyotypes, two Ph+ AMLL-ALL cases had many similar features (B/My immunophenotype; IgH with or without TCR rearrangements; Ig light chain genes germline) to their Ph+ AMLL-AML counterparts.